This is what the WHO say coronavirus is:
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered or manipulated coronavirus.
MERS Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
COVID-19. Coronavirus Disease 2019
Notice nearly every 10 years apart and never two together?
Suggests man controlled release.
Allow me to point out WHO’s erroneous conclusion!
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment.
Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face. All packaged foodstuffs, remove the packaging and wash all foodstuffs.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
WHO is missing the main spread, it is on anything coughs touched like packaging and apparently fresh veggies. Everything must be washed!
At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.
Stay informed:
This is a classic case of Government fiddling while the people of World die hoping for a vaccine so they will make a colossal fortune.
We already have the answer to coronavirus!
Dr Rath’s world leading scientists gave us the answer years ago but you cannot make money from the cure.
His team says that a person with a healthy immune system just shrugs off this virus like a common cold.
BIG PHARMA’s scientists say it is age related. the older you are the more likely you will die from it.
This is a serious deliberate mistake for them to make money with phoney vaccines.
Dr Rath’s advice is to build up the immune system to the level of a teenager by a balanced supplements whilst stop eating contaminated foodstuffs of todays diet.
All Supermarket foodstuffs are contaminated by unnecessary toxic ingredients. Just read the ingredients in all their foodstuffs and see the amount of daily accumulation that your body is storing thus meal by meal, weakening your immune system to such a poor level that we all now know some one dying of cancer or some other evil disease. Coronavirus is the least worry man has. It pales into insignificance to the toxic accumulations per meal if you shop in Supermarkets. Read the ingredients, get wise to this unnecessary solution and the wiser you get you start to realise not all toxins are admitted in the ingredients!
The wonderful Human immune system easily kills off all viruses and coronavirus is no exception.
WHY HAVE YOU NOT BEEN TOLD THIS?
BIG PHARMA owns the British NHS.
BIG PHARMA has paid Governments to only use it’s patented drugs and the immune system is a threat to BIG PHARMA.
You could not make this up, it is so simple and sci-fi that it beggars belief.
O K.
Let’s analyse the facts.
Healthy people under 20 just shrug off this virus like a common cold.
20 to 55 may get bed ridden for two days
56 onwards have a 40% death rate.
This shows the older you are the more likely you will die.
But this is a bad conclusion.
We see some 80 year olds surviving. Why?
The more modern polluted toxic contaminated food stuffs you eat the more accumulated toxins stay in your body and the weaker your immune system is to such a progressive damage to your immune system that it is over whelmed by any virus. We are living in a dangerous world of pollution never before seen and BIG PHARMA has polluted the world.
Our atmosphere, that is air, our foodstuffs, our soils and our seas are all on the cusp of dying because of mankind using BIG PHARMA’s products so it is easy to see mankind is also under threat of distinction.
Answer!
Clean out all BIG PHARMA’s evil products.
This only started after World war 2 finished.
90 years to pollute the World!
Now we clearly see how to stop coronavirus as a threat to Mankind.
We can see the deliberate plan of BIG PHARMA to control the World by ill health. This is World War 3, yes we are at war to save Mankind.
Not so daft if you analyse the facts correctly.
Mr Churchill said the only statistics he believed was the ones he manipulated himself.
Do your own research and if you want a clue how to start read www,cancertommy.com and weep. If you have unnecessarily lost a loved one to this virus the blame lies with daily intake of an accumulation of toxins per meal you eat.
Better still read Dr Rath’s website, written in easy language for anybody to understand and it goes into great depth for Scientists to appreciate the true science behind his conclusions.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org and weep!
Knowing we have the answer to coronavirus what powerful force stops the Scientists, Professors and Research Scientists from not easy saving Human lives?
Surely this is what they have dedicated their work lives, anything less is stupidity and will be shown clearly when History is written.
If a common man researching his cancer can uncover this global shallow hidden War then he is not alone!
The silent majority must step up to the plate or accept mass suicide!
It is not age related
It is the number of polluted meals per day one eats
Cure:
Only eat uncontaminated fruit and vegetables. Uncontaminated meat, fowl and fish. Fish? Yes farmed fish! I will write about this evil trade later. How to poison the Baltic Sea. I will frighten you with facts later.
No supermarket foodstuffs!
Take pure supplements to build up the immune system.
Where can you get balanced supplements?
There are many clean producers of good supplements though there are many more producers of rubbish supplements so beware.
I have found that Dr Rath’s dedicated team of experts goes beyond most and also give a synergy of balance so that their supplements do not need you to carefully weigh out each ingredient.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org is an open science lab that only exists for all human beings. Non profit making
Do your own research like Tom Healy www.cancertommy.com and I am sure anybody can improve on Tom’s web site!
Also read www.britishtommy.com for further proof and please write that you accept what these leading world scientists print or even better that you disagree with their findings. Lets talk amongst ourselves. After all, we are the ones that are dying prematurely!
Talk about it and the problem will go away!
_________________________________________________________
Thought 2
Coronavirus Explained.
A healthy IMMUNE SYSTEM does not need a vaccine!
Here are facts:
Young up to 25 year olds just shrug off the Coronavirus like a common cold.
26 to 55 may get bed ridden for a few weeks and recover.
56 to old age and sick people’s lives are gravelly at risk. The older than 70 and sick can expect to die.
It is not an age thing at all, it is a weakness in the human immune system.
Since the Second World War BIG PHARMA has poisoned the world with killer chemicals just like they did for the human race with Mustard Gas.
Todays diet, especially from cheap supermarkets are full of added toxic ingredients to the immune system. These toxic ingredients are accumulative, very small doses with every meal eaten. The more meals the more toxins the daily weakening of the wonderful human immune system.
Not an age problem at all!
The cure is not in a vaccine but to build up your immune system strength by natural supplement pills readily available! Give the 90 year old an immune system of a 20 year old and they will shake off thÅe coronavirus like a common cold!
This virus is like the common cold virus, it is now into the human race and the young will be carriers and eventually every person will be visited as no man is an Island.
Isolation keeps the current numbers down to a manageable level. Enough beds and funeral numbers for the Governments to handle.
_____________________________________________________
Thought 3
This is what the WHO say coronavirus is:
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
MERS Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
COVID-19. Coronavirus Disease 2019
Notice nearly every 10 years apart and never two together?
Suggests man controlled release.
This is the erroneous WHO conclusion!
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.
Stay informed:
This is a classic case of Government fiddling while the people of World die hoping for a vaccine so they will make a colossal fortune.
We already have the answer to coronavirus!
Dr Rath’s world leading scientists gave us the answer years ago but you cannot make money from the cure.
His team says that a person with a healthy immune system just shrugs off this virus like a common cold.
BIG PHARMA’s scientists say it is age related. the older you are the more likely you will die from it.
This is a serious deliberate mistake for them to make money with phoney vaccines.
Dr Rath’s advice is to build up the immune system to the level of a teenager by a balanced supplements whilst stop eating contaminated foodstuffs of todays diet.
All Supermarket foodstuffs are contaminated by unnecessary toxic ingredients. Just read the ingredients in all their foodstuffs and see the amount of daily accumulation that your body is storing thus meal by meal, weakening your immune system to such a poor level that we all now know some one dying of cancer or some other evil disease.
The wonderful Human immune system easily kills off all viruses and coronavirus is no exception.
WHY HAVE YOU NOT BEEN TOLD THIS?
BIG PHARMA owns the British NHS.
BIG PHARMA has paid Governments to only use it’s patented drugs and the immune system is a threat to BIG PHARMA.
You could not make this up, it is so simple and sci-fy that it beggars belief.
O K.
Let’s analyse the facts.
Healthy people under 20 just shrug off this virus like a common cold.
20 to 55 may get bed ridden for two days
56 onwards have a 40% death rate.
This shows the older you are the more likely you will die.
But this is a bad conclusion.
We see some 80 year olds surviving. Why?
The more modern polluted toxic contaminated food stuffs you eat the more accumulated toxins stay in your body and the weaker your immune system is to such a progressive damage to your immune system that it is over whelmed by any virus. We are living in a dangerous world of pollution never before seen and BIG PHARMA has polluted the world.
Our atmosphere, that is air, our foodstuffs, our soils and our seas are all on the cusp of dying because of mankind using BIG PHARMA’s products so it is easy to see mankind is also under threat of distinction.
Answer!
Clean out all BIG PHARMA’s evil products.
This only started after World war 2 finished.
90 years to pollute the World!
Now we clearly see how to stop coronavirus as a threat to Mankind.
We can see the deliberate plan of BIG PHARMA to control the World by ill health. This is World War 3, yes we are at war to save Mankind.
Not so daft if you analyse the facts correctly.
Mr Churchill said the only statistics he believed was the ones he manipulated himself.
Do your own research and if you want a clue how to start read www,cancertommy.com and weep. If you have unnecessarily lost a loved one to this virus the blame lies with daily intake of an accumulation of toxins per meal you eat.
Better still read Dr Rath’s website, written in easy language for anybody to understand and it goes into great depth for Scientists to appreciate the true science behind his conclusions.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org and weep!
Knowing we have the answer to coronavirus what powerful force stops the Scientists, Professors and Research Scientists from not easy saving Human lives?
Surely this is what they have dedicated their work lives, anything less is stupidity and will be shown clearly when History is written.
If a common man researching his cancer can uncover this global shallow hidden War then he is not alone!
The silent majority must step up to the plate or accept mass suicide!
It is not age related
It is the number of polluted meals per day one eats
Cure:
Only eat uncontaminated fruit and vegetables. Uncontaminated meat, fowl and fish.
No supermarket foodstuffs!
Take pure supplements to build up the immune system.
Where can you get balanced supplements?
There are many clean producers of good supplements though there are many more producers of rubbish supplements so beware.
I have found that Dr Rath’s dedicated team of experts goes beyond most and also give a synergy of balance so that their supplements do not need you to carefully weigh out each ingredient.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org is an open science lab that only exists for all human beings. Non profit making
Do your own research like Tom Healy www.cancertommy.com and I am sure anybody can improve on Tom’s web site!
Also read www.britishtommy.com for further proof and please write that you accept what these leading world scientists print or even better that you disagree with their findings. Lets talk amongst ourselves. After all, we are the ones that are dying prematurely!
_____________________________________________________
Thought 4
This is what the WHO say coronavirus is:
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
MERS Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
COVID-19. Coronavirus Disease 2019
Notice nearly every 10 years apart and never two together?
Suggests man controlled release.
This is the erroneous WHO conclusion!
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.
Stay informed:
This is a classic case of Government fiddling while the people of World die hoping for a vaccine so they will make a colossal fortune.
We already have the answer to coronavirus!
Dr Rath’s world leading scientists gave us the answer years ago but you cannot make money from the cure.
His team says that a person with a healthy immune system just shrugs off this virus like a common cold.
BIG PHARMA’s scientists say it is age related. the older you are the more likely you will die from it.
This is a serious deliberate mistake for them to make money with phoney vaccines.
Dr Rath’s advice is to build up the immune system to the level of a teenager by a balanced supplements whilst stop eating contaminated foodstuffs of todays diet.
All Supermarket foodstuffs are contaminated by unnecessary toxic ingredients. Just read the ingredients in all their foodstuffs and see the amount of daily accumulation that your body is storing thus meal by meal, weakening your immune system to such a poor level that we all now know some one dying of cancer or some other evil disease.
The wonderful Human immune system easily kills off all viruses and coronavirus is no exception.
WHY HAVE YOU NOT BEEN TOLD THIS?
BIG PHARMA owns the British NHS.
BIG PHARMA has paid Governments to only use it’s patented drugs and the immune system is a threat to BIG PHARMA.
You could not make this up, it is so simple and sci-fy that it beggars belief.
O K.
Let’s analyse the facts.
Healthy people under 20 just shrug off this virus like a common cold.
20 to 55 may get bed ridden for two days
56 onwards have a 40% death rate.
This shows the older you are the more likely you will die.
But this is a bad conclusion.
We see some 80 year olds surviving. Why?
The more modern polluted toxic contaminated food stuffs you eat the more accumulated toxins stay in your body and the weaker your immune system is to such a progressive damage to your immune system that it is over whelmed by any virus. We are living in a dangerous world of pollution never before seen and BIG PHARMA has polluted the world.
Our atmosphere, that is air, our foodstuffs, our soils and our seas are all on the cusp of dying because of mankind using BIG PHARMA’s products so it is easy to see mankind is also under threat of distinction.
Answer!
Clean out all BIG PHARMA’s evil products.
This only started after World war 2 finished.
90 years to pollute the World!
Now we clearly see how to stop coronavirus as a threat to Mankind.
We can see the deliberate plan of BIG PHARMA to control the World by ill health. This is World War 3, yes we are at war to save Mankind.
Not so daft if you analyse the facts correctly.
Mr Churchill said the only statistics he believed was the ones he manipulated himself.
Do your own research and if you want a clue how to start read www,cancertommy.com and weep. If you have unnecessarily lost a loved one to this virus the blame lies with daily intake of an accumulation of toxins per meal you eat.
Better still read Dr Rath’s website, written in easy language for anybody to understand and it goes into great depth for Scientists to appreciate the true science behind his conclusions.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org and weep!
Knowing we have the answer to coronavirus what powerful force stops the Scientists, Professors and Research Scientists from not easy saving Human lives?
Surely this is what they have dedicated their work lives, anything less is stupidity and will be shown clearly when History is written.
If a common man researching his cancer can uncover this global shallow hidden War then he is not alone!
The silent majority must step up to the plate or accept mass suicide!
It is not age related
It is the number of polluted meals per day one eats
Cure:
Only eat uncontaminated fruit and vegetables. Uncontaminated meat, fowl and fish.
No supermarket foodstuffs!
Take pure supplements to build up the immune system.
Where can you get balanced supplements?
There are many clean producers of good supplements though there are many more producers of rubbish supplements so beware.
I have found that Dr Rath’s dedicated team of experts goes beyond most and also give a synergy of balance so that their supplements do not need you to carefully weigh out each ingredient.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org is an open science lab that only exists for all human beings. Non profit making
Do your own research like Tom Healy www.cancertommy.com and I am sure anybody can improve on Tom’s web site!
Also read www.britishtommy.com for further proof and please write that you accept what these leading world scientists print or even better that you disagree with their findings. Lets talk amongst ourselves. After all, we are the ones that are dying prematurely!
______________________________________________________________
Thought 5
this is what the who say coronavirus is:
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.
Stay informed:
The WHO admits that no one knows how or or what to treat Covid-19!
The World scientists are at a loss except Dr Rath’s team of experts.
www.dr.rath.foundation.org
They know that the Human Immune System can handle and beat this virus easily.
The WHO thinks it is age related but it has nothing to do with age.
It is about the number of contaminated meals eaten. The more accumulated toxins and poison consumed the more weakened one’s Immune System is the more likely one is to die from any toxin or any virus.
Now all is not lost.
Build up the Immune System to a par of a teenager and just shrug off the threat of coronavirus like a common cold disease.
Vaccines or other medicines are unnecessary.
Change from todays toxic diet now. No more foodstuffs laden with sugars and pesticides, herbicides or chemicals to keep the person slightly sick while all of these just accumulate to a deadly out of control disease.
Look at what you buy in say,TESCO Supermarket. Read the ingredients! You will be amazed what you have been eating, supposedly knowingly poisons and TESCO is free from prosecution because they declared these poisons printed in the ingredients in all packaging.
Your choice, your problem.
There are no fat people in England - there are only starving people in England.
Look at the English diet.
Mainly purchased from a Supermarket. I have been through most foodstuffs in TESCO’s but it will be the same in any Supermarket. I have looked at the ingredients microscopically printed on all packaging and it is reading like a horror story. The additives are alarming. Sugar or similars are added into everything, even toothpaste! Excess sugars are cancerous. The British diet is Sugar! Everything is unnecessarily sweetened hence Britain is diabetic!
The NHS was created by Nye Bevan, a Welsh MP.
He said it was for the people, by the people paid for by the people.
However, after the war Britain was skint and he had to find funds for over one hundred new Hospitals.
IG Farben, the instigator of two World War approached Nye with this proposal; they would build onto every hospital a wing and teach our young people to become Doctors, all for nothing with one proviso that two of their people were directors, just to see the money was spent correctly! This Nye agreed.
The sting was that, I G Farben only taught the new Doctors I G Farben patented drugs! No Nutrition. They were just I G Farben drug pushers.
The sting was recognised too late and I G Farben once again ruled the NHS like they did the First and Second World Wars,. Now they ruled the British NHS and I will call it as it is.
— German British NHS
The German British NHS pretend that they do not know why Britain is becoming a Nation of diabetics?
They do not give a damn about the source of any illness they are pleased that we have an illness because they can prescribe a medicine, meaning they sell us a medicine, not to cure but to control the problem for as long as they can. They treat the symptoms but not the cure!
Follow the Money!
When food has no nutrients then it does not satisfy a person hunger pangs so the eat second and third helpings till they feel full.
The starving people eat twice as much as the normal person chasing their hunger and they become obese and these unfortunates accumulate twice the toxins in a short time than the norm and they die in their fifties with one or two diseases.
So, the number of toxic modern meals one eats the more the accumulated toxins the quicker the death of the host!
Nothing I repeat nothing to do with age!
I G Farben want all scientists and academics to be fooled into thinking that illness is age related and because they generously fund them the keep their mouths shut from the truth and follow I G Farben’s lead.
Todays illnesses are down to how many meals and quantity the nutrient deficient foodstuffs the unsuspecting British Public devour. Every Meal is toxic and this toxic accumulates meal by meal which in turn weakens our wonderful immune system and that is why Britain is sick!
Our elite, Members of Parliament, Doctors, Professors, Medical researchers are all being sponsored buy I G Farben so keep their mouths shut and refuse to clean the British foodstuffs from the farmer to the plate!
I G Farben has them by the short and curlys, a nice way to explain their greed at the expense of the British Public.
Life, longevity, illness free all depend on our wonderful Human Immune System!
Scientists and Doctors of medicine cannot compete with the Immune System.
It has been documented that more deaths in hospitals are due to treatments than the disease they went in with!
It appears that the Doctors have a chemistry set and are hell bent on trying something, anything on a unsuspecting patient.
The Doctors went on strike, weekends only, and the death rate went down perceptibly then when they went back to working weekends the death rate rose rapidly up to the norm! No conclusion was offered or acted on this blaring fact!
Weekend death rates were accepted! Murder by trial and error?
The German British NHS system needs to be stopped.
The top four levels sacked. The whole structure replaced with principal attention to the Patient, you know he who pays for it. An emphasis on Nursing and Doctors assisting.
A nurse is someone with natural carers attitude and compassion and being able wipe bottoms if need be. To talk to and get close to the patient when the say they are feeling good but the nurse does not believe them and overrules the false statement and tends to the real problem. No Doctor has this ability.
The patients welfare is first the Nurse, then the nutritionist and a further poor third the absent Doctor.
Second to the Nurse is the Nutritionists who supervises the diets and keeps the patient free from todays toxic foodstuffs. No reheats, no microwave cooking, no plastic cooking vessels, the list goes on.
However German British NHS foodstuffs have no nutrients and the patients needs are the most required when sick. This is major reason why there are so many deaths in hospitals.
Sick people need food as a priority to heal. British foodstuffs are all contaminated with toxins and to feed them reheats in Plastic boxes micro waved at very high temperatures is to turn all British Hospitals into poisonous horror dens.
The German British NHS Hospitals only serve nutrient free, toxic loaded foodstuffs.
The German British NHS Hospital do hot use the services of any Nutritionists.
They say it is the cost! Better the patient dies than properly fund the Kitchen.
Sack the to five layers of the German British NHS. Get I G Farben out of Britain and we will have all the funds necessary to reclaim, revamp the British NHS!
Rule Britannia!
______________________________________________________________